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Mastering Krav Maga Online

Because not all krav maga is the same.  Our foremost objective is to present and disseminate the self-defense teaching material properly. 

Overview

Learning krav maga is popular.  The instinctive self-defense system was developed by Imi Lichtenfeld to enable ordinary citizens to protect themselves against both unarmed and armed violent threats.  As instructors for the original non-profit Israeli Krav Maga Association, we have taught this simple, yet, highly effective world-renowned self-defense system to thousands of civilians, law enforcement and military personnel along with celebrities. 

“Because not all krav maga is the same.  Our foremost objective is to present and disseminate the self-defense teaching material properly.  The Mastering Krav Maga Online program is designed to teach and demonstrate both what krav maga is, and, equally important, what it is not.  Many people equate krav maga as simply another type of exercise routine with a few self-defense mechanics thrown in, rather than the instinctive, no-nonsense, and, when necessary, brutally effective self-defense system it is.   We whole-heartedly invite the comparison  of our teaching to other krav maga iterations.

Award-winning author and video producer David Kahn has, with the expert help of instructors Rinaldo Rossi, Don Melnick, and Chris Eckel, created a comprehensive online training program for law-abiding citizens to master krav maga.  David serves as the Israeli Krav Maga Association’s U.S. Chief Instructor. This Mastering Krav Maga Online program is provides 40 plus hours of training (roughly 90% of the entire Israeli krav maga curriculum) containing nearly 340 individual and related lessons available to you 24 hours a day seven days a week.  This training will benefit both beginners and seasoned self-defense practitioners alike.  In short, this is krav maga as you have never  seen it.

WHO WE TEACH

Over the years we have sometimes been type-caste as only working with the professional law enforcement and military communities.  We do take considerable pride that the hand-to-hand combat instructors from the U.S. Marine Corps Martial Arts Center of Excellence (Quantico), U.S. Army School of Combatives (Fort Benning), and the Royal Marines (Portsmouth) along with the professional defensive tactics instructors from the FBI and DEA Academies (Quantico) and the New Jersey State Police Academy (Sea Girt) have all vetted, welcomed, and distinguished us from others. 

Nevertheless, the bulk of our teaching is directed towards delivering civilians from harm’s way.  If we are capable enough to help train instructors from the U.S. Marine Corps, U.S. Army, U.S. Navy, U.S. Air Force, Royal Marines, Royal Navy, FBI, U.S. Marshals, DEA, U.S. Coast Guard, Federal Air Marshals and New Jersey State Police along with other law enforcement agency instructors, we are confident we can help you. 

WHO IS MASTERING KRAV MAGA ONLINE FOR? – EVERY LAW ABIDING PERSON.

BEGINNERS

  • Learn the core fundamentals of Israeli krav maga quickly and soundly (introduced from beginner to advanced through practical topics and logical categories);
  • Learn to recognize and avoid a threat;
  • Learn to quickly and decisively defeat the most common street threats and attacks;
  • Build on krav maga’s instinctive movements while improving your athletic skill sets;
  • Build your confidence.

PRE-EXISTING KRAV MAGA STUDENTS AND INSTRUCTORS

  • Improve and hone your skill sets;
  • Improve your belt level mastery;
  • Expand your knowledge base and curriculum;
  • Master the Israeli krav maga curriculum’s crucial subtleties;
  • View the most evolved Israeli krav maga philosophy and corresponding tactics.

OTHER MARTIAL ARTS STUDENTS AND INSTRUCTORS:

  • Learn krav maga material from yellow to black belt;
  • Understand the original and, yet, most evolved Israeli krav maga philosophy and approach;
  • Improve your skill sets and expand your knowledge base;
  • Master krav maga’s crucial subtleties;
  • Expand your curriculum;
  • Enhance both of your theoretical and practical capabilities.

LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS AND DT INSTRUCTORS:

  • Learn the krav maga DT fundamentals essential to police work (UOF  a priori).
  • Understand the krav maga philosophy and LE DT ractical approach;
  • Enhance both of your theoretical and practical DT capabilities;
  • We have taught instructors for FBI, DEA, U.S. Marshals Service, ATF, Secret Service, Federal Air Marshals, DOD Police, Amtrak Police, New Jersey Transit Police; U.S. Coast Guard Police; New Jersey State Police, and Pennsylvania State Police.

MILITARY PERSONNEL/OPERATORS AND HAND-TO-HAND COMBAT INSTRUCTORS:

  • Learn the krav maga fundamentals that will keep you alive in the battle space;
  • Understand military krav maga’s philosophy and terminal military approach;
  • View the most evolved Israeli krav maga philosophy and corresponding military tactics;
  • We have taught the U.S. Marine Corps, U.S. Navy, U.S. Army, U.S. Coast Guard and U.S. Air Force instructors;  
  • We have taught at the MACE (Quantico); Army School of Combatives (Ft. Benning); Ravens School House, (JB MDL), Portsmouth (UK) and at undisclosed locations for Tier 1 U.S. Special Operators.

SO WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN OUR ORIGINAL ISRAELI KRAV MAGA AND OTHER KRAV MAGA INTERPRETATIONS?

Proper body mechanics, movement, and retzev coupled with the IKMA’s innovations separate us.  As noted, there are now many interpretations of krav maga.  Some are rooted in founder Imi Lichtenfeld’s original teachings, while others bear no resemblance. The bottom line is if you prevent physical harm to yourself or others, your krav maga worked.  However, there is a fine professional line when confronting a skilled attacker or when ensnared in a deadly force encounter. 

Your defensive capability must be both instinctive and optimized.  A firearm or edged weapon defense improperly executed may  get you maimed or killed. Therefore, our training is serious in confronting life-threatening situations.  We always work against resistance and constantly try to defeat our own techniques.  We keep a keen eye out for new tactics that seek to overcome our defenses.

We focus on building the strongest foundation possible in every instructor and student who comes through our door.  Most instructors have solid backgrounds and absorb our training quickly.  Beginners present a superb blank canvas to absorb and master the instinctive tactics.  Accordingly, for beginners and advanced practitioners alike, we introduce the techniques harnessing their natural movements and then optimizing these movements through retzev (“continuous combat motion”).

The simplest and most direct method to compare/judge competing krav maga claims and versions, is to examine a different krav maga organization’s legitimacy/abilities by comparing their respective leaders on Youtube.  We suggest that your compare the main frontline organizations,  notably at the blackbelt levels. 

A PRACTICAL APPROACH TO TRAINING IS ALWAYS REQUIRED

Indeed, the maxim “less is more” is absolutely true in a self-defense situation, especially when caught in an unprepared (“-5”) position. In reality, one needs to know just a few core tactics along with the capability to execute these defensive movements instinctively and seamlessly under pressure while adapting to a threat.

Notwithstanding our extensive curriculum, as noted, we are proponents of doing a few things very well. Israeli krav maga is meant to be simple; instinctive gross motor movements will carry the day.  From the IKMA perspective, a blackbelt represents the beginning of true mastery of the system starting with a flawless knowledge of the basic combatives/defensive tactics through the expert level.

Most important, at the highest levels of krav maga one must possess a hand-to-hand combat ability; not just self-defense reactions. Controlled aggression is a prerequisite, but, one needs to be skilled in every aspect of a fight including opening recognition and timing. In short, an advanced krav maga belt, particularly at the blackbelt level, must be able to defend against any kind of attack, especially, against a professionally trained person from another fighting system.

WHAT DOES THE MKM ONLINE PROGRAM STRIVE TO DELIVER?

  • Objective:  To teach krav maga correctly.
  • Our foremost objective is to present and disseminate the teaching material properly.  The Mastering Krav Maga Online program is designed to teach and demonstrate what krav maga is; and, equally important, what it is not…Because not all krav maga is the same.

PROGRAM GOAL:  TEACH KRAV MAGA YELLOW TO BLACK BELT MATERIAL

  • Our goal is to enable krav maga’s essential techniques to be learned correctly online, from yellow belt to black belt, supported by our written materials. 

THE PROGRAM:  DESIGNED TO TACKLE THE GAMUT OF STREET THREATS

  • The Mastering Krav Maga Online program is designed to tackle the gamut of street threats and attacks.  Each solution is presented by its corresponding belt level. 

PROGRAM AVAILABILITY:  24 HOURS OF INSTRUCTION 24/7 

  •  We’ll provide more than 40 hours of instruction (approximately 90% of the entire curriculum) available 24 hours a day, seven days a week for responsible people to master krav maga.

PROGRAM’S CREDENTIALS

  • Our instruction comes from the original Israeli Krav Maga Association founded by Imi Lichtenfeld.  We are vetted by some of the foremost law enforcement and military instructor hand-to-hand combat subject matter experts.

FOR WHOM IS THE PROGRAM DESIGNED

  • You do not need to be strong, athletic, or even physically fit.  While some of the techniques may occasionally look complicated, they aren’t.  We use simple building blocks with just a few core movements.  For those who wish to master a few instinctive techniques to defeat an attack, the material will accomplish this.  For those who wish to explore more advanced and “expert” tactics, the material will also provide upper belt level solutions as well. 

A PROGRAM SO THAT YOU MAY WALK IN PEACE

  • Imi wished krav maga to provide people with the ability to “walk in peace.”  We hope this online program will help prepare you to do just that.

THE MKM ONLINE CURRICULUM’S DESIGN

We offer nearly 330 stand-alone, yet, complimentary lessons for anyone with an interest in practical, realistic self-defense and safety measures training.  The curriculum will take you through both unarmed and armed threats/attacks broken down into the following 24 broad categories:

  1. Krav Maga Principles of Simultaneous Defense & Attack
  2. Stance & Footwork
  3. Fallbreaks & Rolls
  4. Upper-body Combatives
  5. Lower-body Combatives
  6. Upper- & Lower-Body Combinations
  7. Retzev (Continuous Combat Motion)
  8. Upper-body Defenses
  9. Lower-body Defenses
  10. Arm Grab Defenses & Releases
  11. Shirt Grab Defenses
  12. Choke Defenses
  13. Clinch & Clinch Defenses
  14. Standing Headlock & Guillotine Defenses
  15. Bear Hug Defenses
  16. Nelson Hold Defenses
  17. Takedown Defenses
  18. Ground Survival
  19. Takedowns & Throws
  20. Multiple Unarmed Opponents
  21. Impact Weapon Defenses
  22. Control/Restraint Holds
  23. Edged Weapon Defenses
  24. Firearm Defenses

Within these broad topics, each tactic is subdivided by a sub-category and then by broken down one final sub-category per each granular topic. For example for above category #4, “Upper-body Defenses” contains:

  • Handshake Equalizer
  • Push Defenses
  • Straight Punch Defenses
  • Hook Punch Defenses
  • Sucker Punch Defenses
  • The Two Most Important Krav Maga Deflection Movements
  • Rule of Thumb Defenses
  • Upper-cut & Shovel Punch Defenses
  • Getting Hit
  • Elbow Attack Defenses
  • Headbutt Defenses
  • Using a Rifle as Cold Weapon to Defend against Punches

For category D above, “Hook Punch Defenses”, each specific final sub-category is labeled by the belt level it is taught in the IKMA curriculum:

  • Hook Punch Outside 360 Deflections & Simultaneous Counterattack (Yellow Belt)
  • Hook Punch Body Retreat & Ducking (Yellow Belt)
  • Hook Punch Gunt Defense with Simultaneous Counter-attack (Orange Belt)
  • Hook Punch Double Block with Roundhouse Kick (Orange Belt)
  • Hook Punch Defense Double Block with Chop Counterattacks (Green Belt)
  • Hook Punch Defense into Spin-Choke-Eye Rake and Stabbing Modification (Green Belt)
  • Hook Punch Defenses Using Preemptive Linear Timing Attacks (Green Belt)
  • Hook Punch Defense While Texting (Green Belt)
  • Hook Punch Defensive Tactics Review (Yellow, Orange, Green Belts)

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The Israeli Krav Maga Advantage

Responsible people pursue Israeli krav maga training to shield themselves from violence; not to orchestrate violence. The kravist trains and prepares himself to face down the unfortunate, ugly specter of violence. Krav maga training, by both necessity and resultant design, focuses on the realistic and brutal nature of a physical assault. This self-defense and fighting system is designed to thwart and neutralize any type of threat or attack. The key survival ingredient is your mind-set. Those who train physically and mentally to preempt and, if necessary, thwart violence with overwhelming counterviolence will respond differently from people who do not condition themselves.  You, the kravist, when threatened or attacked must unleash a torrent of overwhelming counterviolence. A few mastered krav maga techniques are highly effective in most situations. When properly learned and practiced, these tactics will become first nature.

Israeli Krav Maga’s Tactical Ten Commandants

  1. Israeli krav maga works against any attacker; the key is your mind-set. Never accept defeat or surrender. If you can breathe, you can fight. Do what you must to prevail.
  2. Assess your surroundings. Common sense, basic precautions, and a confident demeanor minimize your chances of being attacked. 
  3. Nonviolent conflict resolution is always your best solution; avoid conflict. De-escalate and disengage when possible.
  4. A few mastered techniques go a long way and are highly effective in most situations.
  5. The essence of krav maga is to neutralize an attacker quickly; there are no rules.
  6. A strategy to end your attacker’s fighting ability is paramount when using simultaneous defense and attack. Fight positioning by moving off the line of attack determines your tactical advantage.
  7. Footwork and body positioning, whether standing or prone, allow you to simultaneously defend and attack allowing for seamless combative transitions, essential to perform retzev or “continuous combat motion.”
  8. Optimally, a kravist will move quickly to a superior and dominant position, the “dead side” to finish the fight. You dictate the fight using retzev combatives.
  9. Dead-side strategy revolves around your capabilities and preferred tactics involving long, medium, and short combatives combined with evasive maneuvers. This positioning becomes even more important when facing multiple attackers.
  10. Retzev is seamlessly using all parts of your body for an overwhelming, decisive counterattack. Combined with simultaneous defense and attack, retzev is the backbone of the Israeli fighting system.

Conflict Avoidance

Nonviolent conflict avoidance is always your best solution. Walking away from a confrontation is a test of mental discipline and moral fiber. Use common sense, basic precautions, and a confident demeanor to minimize your chances of being targeted and assaulted. Notwithstanding these preventive measures, accept the possibility of violence targeting you. There are several types of violence including social, criminal, sociopathic, and professional.  Statistically, you are most likely to face the first or second categories, social or criminal, respectively. Terrorism usually falls into a blend of the latter two categories. While you need not live in fear, denial is the most common obstacle to taking appropriate action. This is why you must be prepared if you must face down a violent situation. Sharpen your mental and physical skills so you can implement them without thinking.

Instinctive, Aggressive Reaction Is Required

When in danger, your brain and body respond reflexively. Therefore, your self-defense reaction must be both instantaneously reflexive and instinctive. By training to respond, you will call upon your instincts and reflexes when attacked. With proper training, you will learn to conquer your fear and to control the energy and power from your body’s fight-or-flight response. Realistic training is designed to eliminate the third human reaction, a freeze response. Krav maga harnesses your natural abilities for you to (re)act optimally with little cognitive interference. For a kravist, there are no set solutions for ending a fight.  You do not need to conform to the system or adopt any rigid, set solutions. To be sure, there are preferred counterattack methods using retzev to prevail, but you must react instinctively to the best of your ability. There are no rules in street defense. Exert maximum speed and aggression.

Training

With proper intense training, you will learn effective physical tactics while mentally adjusting to a harsh, violent reality. When training, practice the select krav maga methods in the upcoming chapters under extreme simulated pressure. Train in the most realistic setting possible to develop the mental preparedness you need to react in life-threatening situations. As you repeat techniques and situations at real speed (with safety in mind), you’ll develop your fighting prowess. To reemphasize, your krav maga techniques will become your automatic reflex whenever you find yourself in danger.  To adopt and streamline the krav maga method, personalize the techniques and make them your own. Choose the ballistic strikes and other combatives with which you feel most comfortable with and that give you the greatest confidence. Put just as much emphasis on mental training as you do the physical through visualization and scenario planning. 

Emphasis on a Few Core Tactics

Krav maga emphasizes learning a few elementary core tactics that can be performed instinctively and adapted to myriad situations. The goal is to embed your subconscious with the proverbial “(I have) been there, done that (through a training scenario).” Therefore, your autonomic response is, indeed, “I’ve been there, done that.  Optimally, the potential confrontation is over before it can begin. You have neutralized the threat at its inception. Most important, you  have confidence in your krav maga training because all techniques are battle-tested and field-proven.

Legal Considerations

However and wherever krav maga self-defense might be used, it must be legally justified incorporating the appropriate level of counterforce. For nondeadly force, the law generally recognizes that a person may use such force as reasonably necessary to thwart the imminent use of force against that person, short of deadly force. Note that you may step into the shoes of a third party to intervene using and meeting a specific state’s standard.  To assess the necessity of counterviolence, you must instantly gauge several factors, including your opportunity to retreat. You’ll need to articulate that you had no choice when faced with a threat who had the:

  • Intent (stated or evident goal of harming you)
  • Capability (has the prowess or tools to harm you)
  • Opportunity (proximity)

Violence, Self-Defense, Effects, and Consequences

Street violence is volatile, unpredictable, and often unannounced (though there may be previolence indicators a victim did not recognize). There are no certainties regarding the outcome of a potential life-and-death struggle. An attacker will likely seek every advantage. First and foremost, he will try to use the element of surprise. You may find yourself in a “-5” position or initially unprepared to fight for your life.  Concerted, determined violence seldom lasts more than a few seconds. Adopting a simple survival mind-set is inadequate. You must believe you will physically win without sustaining any permanent physical damage. Regardless of an attacker’s size, strength, training, or physical ability, you will prevail by delivering debilitating, overwhelming counterviolence. Self-defense may be thought of as recovering from being caught unaware (the “-5”) and using (superior) counterviolence in the same way a criminal or sociopath intends to use it in the attacker’s assault on you. Many people are wholly unprepared to face down violence even when they see it coming. These victims of violence do not understand indicators or they do not recognize the foreshadowing “tells.” 

Four General Types of Violence

There are four general reasons for common types of violence:

  1. Apprehension: You represent some sort of threat to another person (or animal).  
  2. Ego driven: Someone wishes to exert social dominance or has perceived an affront from you creating an excuse to pull the violence trigger.
  3. Rage or emotionally disturbed: You become the target because the attacker is independently set off by something real or perceived that you did or you just happen to be in the attacker’s sights.  
  4. Criminal: You have something the attacker wants.  

Tactical and Strategic Thinking for Men and Women Alike

Both men and women alike should try to achieve a paradoxical balance between: (1) living without fear and (2) paranoia. Constant vigilance drains energy and cannot be maintained. Therefore, your radar has to adapt to ping what generally seems to be out of the ordinary. Awareness provides you time to recognize threats and to act, rather than react. Awareness of what is behind you could be more important than what is in front of you. Obviously, the best way to catch someone by surprise is from the rear. First impressions or gut feelings are usually correct. Trust your intuition; don’t dismiss it. If you recognize that something is amiss, beware. Your intuition is undergirded by your experience and accompanying knowledge.  Once again, there is no pity or humanity in a visceral self-defense situation provided the counterforce is legally justifiable. In general terms, the party who significantly damages the other party first usually prevails provided he presses the counterattack home to neutralize the threat.

A Note on Violence Against Women

Violence against women often involves men who seek status by targeting women to assert dominance. Many female victims know their attackers. Sexual predators and other attackers often approach their victims with innocuous behavior such as friendly conversation. Sometimes, a potential assailant will put his hand on a woman to gauge her initial reaction. If she is not assertive in warning him off, he may have found a potential victim in his mind. If she opposes him either verbally or physically or both, he has found someone who will actively resist, and, therefore, is likely a less successful target.  Generally, the male attacker believes he can assault a woman and come away unscathed physically.

Awareness Methods

One of the most effective tactics krav maga teaches you is not to be taken by surprise in the first place. The Israeli krav maga curriculum places heavy emphasis on the ability to recognize, avoid, and/or preempt physical conflicts. Developing recognition of previolence indicators along with impending attacks is instrumental to krav maga. The obvious and best solution is to remove yourself from the situation before an impending attack can take place. Situational awareness of whom to keenly observe is all-important and common sense should prevail. In other words, recognize who or what might constitute a danger or threat.  Generally, human behavior is overwhelmingly predictable. Therefore, you must identify what are normal human behavior patterns and what are anomalous behavior displays. Subtle cues, “tells,” or “precipitators” observed in a potential assailant’s behavior, especially when such indicators are assessed collectively, provide an early warning indicator.

Awareness or recognition of an impending attack/threat obviously affords the greatest reaction time for the following seriatim solutions: (a) avoidance, (b) de-escalation, (c) escape, and (d) counterviolence. Always trust your instincts and intuition including things you saw, heard, felt or smelled—all your senses—the things your subconscious brain intakes and processes faster than your conscious mind can keep up. Importantly, only a minimal amount of threatening behavioral information is enough for you to put your defenses on high alert.  A large part of “awareness” is to understand your capacity and limits. What verbal or physical abuse you might accept or collectively what actions will cross your proverbial “redline” is obviously your decision.

Recognizing Hostile Body Language and Preconflict Indicators

When facing street violence, you can usually recognize verbal, behavioral, and physical manifestations indicating that violence is imminent. Recognize it or not—and it is decidedly advantageous that you do—it is highly likely there will be some indicator prior to an attack. When assessing body language, evaluating a potentially hostile person is best done in combination with his physical manifestations and words. It is well understood that when verbal and nonverbal gestures do not align, nonverbal gestures usually take priority in predicting behavior. Nonverbal signaling often belies someone’s true intent and is often manifested by “tells” or biological markers—body gestures, physical displays, and movements underpinning a person’s mental state.

Kinesic Indicators of Possible Violence

Successfully reading hostile body language can allow you to recognize a violent decision before the aggressor physically initiates it. Gross motor movements often red flag someone who is adrenalized and about to explode. These movements may include a combination of the following nonexclusive twelve common tells or collective kinesic markers for you to anticipate an attacker’s first salvo:

  1. Fidgeting, shaking of one’s limbs, muscle tremors, or clenching one’s hands and teeth
  2. Sweating, increased respiration or blinking excessively
  3. A forward lean
  4. Moving onto the balls of the feet in preparation to attack
  5. Coiling a shoulder or blading the body
  6. Stiffening the neck
  7. Puckering the lips or sneering
  8. A change in breathing (fast-paced or measured)
  9. Puffing up (as the chest expands to intake as much oxygen as possible), becoming loud to intimidate, and turning red in the face and neck (vasodilations as blood fills the capillaries)
  10. Becoming pale (vasoconstriction occurs as blood rushes from the skin surface to the internal organs) indicating an advanced stage of fear or girding oneself against an attack and is one of the surest indicators someone is preparing for violence
  11. Pupillary constriction toward something considered a threat or challenge along with momentary pupillary dilation indicating the very moment a person is ready to act
  12. Disrobing to free the arms (and legs)

Conflict Avoidance

Common sense and a few street smarts are your optimum weapons to avoid violence. Truly understanding the nature and consequences of injurious violence should eliminate it as a dispute resolution option. Mental conditioning and rehearsal allows you to de-escalate or walk away (always the best solution if possible) from a potentially violent situation. In short, avoidance is often about keeping your cool, but so is every other aspect of self-defense including de-escalation, escape and evasion, and, lastly, fighting for your life.

Impending Violence Usually Has Overt or Covert Signals

Many people who suddenly become embroiled in a violent encounter have no idea why it happened. Often, there is a buildup they did not recognize or were party to without their knowledge. A few common-sense suggestions:

  • Be careful of other people’s personal space.
  • Do not return challenging stares.
  • Be aware of kinesic indicators indicating an angry or hostile person.
  • If in the wrong, apologize sincerely, but be subtly prepared for a potential attack.
  • Leave any volatile or potentially hostile situation immediately.
  • For women, social mores should readily be ignored (for example, leave an elevator if you feel threatened by someone; don’t worry about the person’s feelings).

Conflict De-escalation

The key to avoiding social violence is not to provide provocations. The solution when confronted with a hard stare may be to look to the side to signal a level of nonconfrontational equanimity. If you do not believe a problem can be resolved by diplomacy or conciliation, use common sense—remain silent and disengage. Humans have a keen sense of power and powerlessness. Maintain your calm and try to respond rationally. There is a crucial difference in trying to appease someone who you have bumped into versus using social skills to dissuade someone intent on punching you in the face. Many people straddling the fence between simply posturing or committing a violent act generally need a rationalization to justify the violent act. Do your best to talk it out of the aggressor or, at the very least, do not give the aggressor a provocative response. Someone who is clearly in the wrong, but who will not admit his error, is likely to perceive any nonacquiescence as a personal insult or attack.  Blunt honesty may be one of the surest ways to defuse or de-escalate a situation—provided your would-be attacker is rational. If you made a mistake or are in the wrong, provide a credible apology, and leave. Keep in mind that appeasement or flattery with a predator also may not work.

Personal Space Violations

Dominant-minded people often use their bodies to take ownership of more physical space. Examples include someone spreading out across a subway bench, airline seat/row; or while walking taking up most of the sidewalk; or purposefully taking up two parking spaces to separate his car. Naturally, most people expect others to maintain a proper or respectful distance. (Note: Different cultures have different expectations.) When someone invades your personal or intimate space, your limbic warning system is immediately triggered as it recognizes the interloper is now within attack range of you. (Note: A firearm or other type of projectile weapon poses a longer range threat.) Once again, if your gut sends an alarm signal, eschew social politeness, retreat if necessary, and tell the would-be aggressor to move away while blading yourself. Watch a potential adversary’s hands as you issue a warning to him. If the potential adversary objects to your demand to “back off,” beware that this might just be the excuse he wanted to escalate matters. Be sure to understand the difference between an assertive versus a belligerent response. The former will let someone know in a matter-of-fact way to give you space. The latter may be considered an overreaction on your part that might worsen matters.

Deflecting Staring Challenges

Generally, in a social setting, the accepted average gaze length is just a few seconds; any longer and emotional intent is implied. Usually, the “subordinate” person looks away first. Nevertheless, when surveying a scene, do not hold eye contact. Break eye contact by looking sideways and not down as looking down may depict you as underconfident.

Deflecting Verbal Challenges

If forced into a potentially adversarial conversation, one strategy is to respond with laconic politeness. Avoid showing any unease that might mark you as either a challenge or target. Be aware that saying something that you believe to be innocuous may, paradoxically, be considered highly inflammatory by someone else putting you in the crosshairs of violence. If an apology is demanded, do it sincerely and then immediately leave to defuse the situation. Attacking one’s masculinity or femininity is a time-proven provocation. So, think about how you would respond to such a situation ahead of time as part of your mental training. If someone is hell-bent on a fight and accuses or challenges you, there may be no way to defuse the situation. A last-ditch approach may be to engage the individual acknowledging his concern stating something like, “Sorry, I had a tough day and certainly did not mean any offense.” 

Verbal Self-Defense (Resolute Warning)

Civility can be the greatest undermining factor when successfully facing down potential violence. A hostile action can be preempted by issuing a resolute warning that you will respond with overwhelming counterviolence. But this approach poses the obvious risk of provoking the other party and/or escalating the situation. Resolutely tell any threat to get back while maintaining strong eye contact. A short declarative statement sends the message while clueing in other witnesses/bystanders. There is no need to explain yourself further than repeating the message with increasing emphasis. Be quasi-polite, but determinedly firm. Blade your body with your hands at the ready position with your palms facing the threat.

Escaping Violence

Escape methods are a vital and significant part of the krav maga curriculum. Escape is your second choice when avoidance and de-escalation fail. Escape is different from avoidance as the aggressor has already begun his actions and you are actively fleeing. (To review, avoidance allows you to calmly remove yourself before a hostile situation begins.)  To escape, your goal is to evade physical contact and preserve your ability to successfully flee. Your ultimate goal is to find safety through breaking contact and losing any pursuers by quickly hiding or finding safety among other people. Physically escaping requires you to recognize egresses and to successfully negotiate terrain and obstacles.

Human Emotional and Physical Responses in a Life-Threatening Encounter

Unfamiliarity with violence, obviously makes facing aggression a frightening prospect. Yet, coming to grips with the animalistic concept of damaging another human’s anatomy is the foundation of effective self-defense. Both anxiety and subsequent fear, when triggered in a potentially violent situation, protect the body. Adrenalized strength along with a heightened internal first-aid capability is summoned.  When confronting a life-threatening situation, shock can be more of a problem than fear. If you go into shock while under attack, you will freeze and not do anything. The reason victims go into shock when attacked is a lack of response preparation. To avoid going into shock under stress, constantly visualize yourself in every possible attack situation you may find yourself. Optimally, you will act without thinking using a conditioned/reflexive response. Train yourself over and over in your mind until you have effective solutions for those situations.

Krav Maga’s Approach to Facing Down Unavoidable Violence

Krav maga’s goal is to embed your subconscious reaction with the proverbial “(I have) been there, done that (through a training scenario).” Often, regardless of how hard or “realistically” you train, your subconscious mind knows the difference between training and reality. Denial is the most common obstacle to taking appropriate action. Often, with an untrained mind and body, it’s difficult to process or accept that someone else intends you serious bodily harm. An assailant may know this and achieve his purpose accordingly. Krav maga training will prepare you, most importantly, with the mind-set and accompanying physical skills you need to prevail against any onslaught. Speed, economy of motion, and the appropriate measure of counterviolence will be ingrained in you. Realistic training helps to alleviate fear, panic, and other sensations as you prepare your body and mind to take the proper course of action, but they must never be mistaken for a real attack.  Most important, krav maga develops a paramount fighting attitude. People will generally not escalate if they are not convinced that they can get away with it. Evident self-doubt may provide a potential aggressor the edge, especially, if the aggressor was ambivalent about escalating matters. Note again that certain body language can paint you as an easy victim such as hangdog neck, slouching shoulders, nervous fidgeting, biting your lips, cowering, etc.

Self-Defense Tactics: An Overview

The sooner you spot a potential aggressor, the more time you will have to act. A few instinctive tactics will enable you to survive the most common onslaughts. As the next chapters will show, krav maga fighting system is designed to work against any type of aggressor. It cannot be overemphasized that the essential element is your mind frame: intention governs action. True self-defense focuses not simply on survival, but rather how to optimally hurt, injure, cripple, maim, and, if necessary, kill. Make the decision now to use counterviolence as a necessary last-resort tool. Reconcile any ethical limitations now. Understand your own triggers; what abuse/wrongs you will accept and what you won’t accept. Until you are physically assaulted, you still have the aforementioned options of avoidance, de-escalation, and escape.  In krav maga, you will learn a few core techniques that you can perform instinctively and apply to myriad situations. You will learn how to protect your vital points and organs while simultaneously targeting the aggressor’s vulnerable anatomy. If the situation requires, krav maga will teach you how to maximize the damage you can inflict by striking, kneeing, kicking, chopping, gouging, choking, dislocating joints, breaking bones, and taking your attacker down to the ground.  In a preemptive self-defense situation, the sooner you neutralize the threat, the less chance the aggressor will have to dominate you.

Multiple Attackers

When facing multiple attackers, you must only engage only one at a time using optimum combatives/movement while putting that attacker between you and any others. Inexperienced attackers, will, fortunately, group together. If you use correct tactical positioning (never between two attackers), you limit the attackers’ abilities to harm you. There is a limitation on how many attackers can occupy the same space to get at you. In select circumstances, you may have to go through them.

Breaking Your Attacker’s Body

Developed as a military fighting discipline, krav maga employs lethal force tactics. These tactics are only responsibly taught to the military and professional security organizations. Physical injury inflicted against an adversary compromises both his ability to attack and defend. This, in turn, affords you the chance to impose further strategic injury through retzev. Keep in mind if the adversary sees his body being dismantled he will likely suffer emotional trauma as well as further sapping his will to keep attacking.

To stop an assailant, krav maga primarily targets the body’s vital soft tissue, chiefly the groin, neck, and eyes. Other secondary targets include organs and bones such as the kidneys, solar plexus, knees, liver, joints, fingers, nerve centers, and other smaller fragile bones. With training and a basic understanding of how the human body responds to trauma, you can generally predict how your counterattacks will affect the attacker’s subsequent movements or capacity to continue violence against you. For example, if you knee someone in the groin, you are likely to drop the attacker’s height level thus exposing the base of the skull or the back of the neck to a vertical combative strike. When justifiable, administering sequential injurious physical trauma epitomizes the effective krav maga counterviolence of retzev.

This essential training program provides the core fundamentals of how to defend against the 12 most common unarmed street attacks while providing the 12 most instinctive, effective counter-attacks. Designed as a stand-alone, home-study krav maga program for beginner and advanced students alike, you will master krav maga’s most evolved core tactics (featured in David Kahn’s Krav Maga Defense [St. Martin’s Press 2016] book) to defend against:

 The 12 Most Effective Combative    Counter-Attacks You Will Learn:  1)    Linear Punch/Palm Heel  2)    Eye Strikes/Gouges  3)    Groin Strikes  4)    Horizontal Elbows  5)    Over the Top Elbow  6)    Horizontal Palm Heel  7)    Rear Elbow/Forearm Strike  8)    Straight Kicks/Knees  9)    Lowline Side/Rear Kicks 10)   Roundhouse Kicks & Knees 11)   Takedowns & Stomps 12)   Biting  The 12 Most Common Unarmed   Attacks You Will Learn to Defend:  1)    Pushes  2)    Arm/Shirt Grabs  3)    Hook Punches  4)    Straight/Sucker Punches  5)    Groin Kick/Knee attacks  6)    Headbutts  7)    Headlocks & Chokes  8)    Bear Hugs  9)    Takedowns  10)  Defending On Your Back  11)  Stomps/Kicks  12)  Mount, Guard, & Rear Choke     

The material focuses on the common mistakes practitioners may make – allowing for self-critique and correction. Included are 30 essential strategy slides examining pre-conflict indicators; avoidance; de-escalation; escape and evasion and the kravist’s mind/body preparation.

Practice Suggestions:

  • For each technique presented, we suggest that you practice a minimum of 20 repetitions per respective combative and defense against a partner attacking using both his left and right limbs.  In other words, you are defending against a minimum of 40 repetitions (20 from a right limb attack and 20 from a left limb attack). 
  • Defend from a passive stance, a left-outlet fighting stance, and a right-outlet fighting stance.
  • In addition, when defending against strikes and chokes, practice a minimum of 20 repetitions with your partner attacking with both the right and left. 
  • Be sure, though, to keep in mind that 85% or more of the world’s population is right side dominant.  Therefore, it stands to reason that the majority of attacks will be launched with a right arm or leg.
  • Practicing at least 10-15 minutes per technique is recommended (with, as noted above, a minimum of 20 repetitions per side).  Therefore, you should begin to both understand and embed approximately 4-6 techniques per practice hour.  (Note, though, for our group classes we generally teach 3-4 techniques per cumulative one hour lesson plan.)
  • Observe and help your partner other analyze his/her movements.
  • It may be helpful to film each other in action to further evaluate the fluidity and execution of each technique, if your timing is correct, if your footwork and fighting stance is solid, and how well you can adopt to slight angle changes and heights of various attacks.
  • You may also wish to refer, as applicable, to the books Krav Maga Chapter 9, Advanced Krav Maga Chapter 9, the drill boxes in each of Krav Maga Defense‘s chapters examining the 12 most common attacks and Krav Maga Weapon Defense Chapter 7.